Métodos de desgasificación del aluminio

14 de febrero Métodos de desgasificación del aluminio

Métodos de desgasificación del aluminio

Aluminum is a metal used often for its relative strength given its light weight. When aluminum is cast, however, impurities known as inclusions can create weak points in the product. There are several causes for these inclusions, but one of the most prevalent is the presence of hydrogen. Hydrogen gas is soluble in liquid aluminum, and it can pass through molten aluminum almost as easily as it passes through air. As the liquid metal cools and hardens, the hydrogen flows from high to low-pressure areas. It coalesces and creates pockets of gas which, when the metal solidifies, become inclusions and weak points. Degassing is a process used to remove hydrogen from the molten aluminum.

How hydrogen is introduced

Hydrogen can be introduced into liquid aluminum through combustion in gas furnaces, condensation on tools, fluxes, and alloy additives. Most commonly, however, hydrogen is introduced into molten aluminum via atmospheric humidity. Dissolution of hydrogen increases with an increase in atmospheric relative humidity.

Métodos de desgasificación

As the demand for higher-quality aluminum products increases, especially in the aerospace industry, so does the need to reduce the occurrence of inclusions in molded products. A popular hydrogen removal method involves introducing bubbled nitrogen gas into the liquid aluminum. The hydrogen is drawn to the nitrogen bubbles, then carried up through the aluminum and released on the surface. Argon is also very effective, but because of the high costs associated with this gas, nitrogen is preferred.

Nitrogen gas is introduced into the molten metal either by way of a static lance or a rotating impeller. The static lance method is less expensive, but also less efficient than a rotating impeller, especially in humid environments.

Degassing Methods-Static lance

The static lance is a pipe that is inserted into a pot of liquid aluminum. Large nitrogen bubbles are released from the end of the lance and travel up through the product. When exposed to humid air, the large bubbles break the surface and attract more moisture that is dissociated into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen then re-dissolves into the aluminum.

Degassing Methods-Rotary impeller

A rotary impeller works by increasing the surface area of the inert gas introduced into the metal. The smaller nitrogen bubbles created by the impeller process have a much greater overall surface area and collect more of the hydrogen. The lower surface disturbance of the smaller bubbles also allows for less hydrogen to be recaptured in the metal from the humidity in the atmosphere.

Adtech Degassing Methods – In line Degassing Unit – sales@adtechamm.com
It is mainly used for the hydrogen (H) and slag removal from molten aluminum.

Se basa en el principio de flotación por gas. El rotor introduce gas inerte o una mezcla de cloro y gas inerte en el aluminio fundido y fragmenta el gas en diminutas burbujas dispersas; estas burbujas ascienden hasta la superficie del aluminio fundido y, al mismo tiempo, completan los procedimientos que se indican a continuación:

El H se está absorbiendo en las burbujas y se está eliminando.
Se elimina el cloruro (formado por reacción química entre un metal alcalino y el cloro gaseoso).
Retirar las escorias.

Adtech Degassing Methods Instruction

Switch off the heating unit after degassing box heating is completed. Guide inert gas into the rotor and release molten aluminum into the box when the heater temperature is close to the molten aluminum temperature.
Check the sealing between the inlet/outlet and launder.
Comprueba el cono situado en el sistema de drenaje de la protección térmica, en la parte inferior.
Check the molten aluminum temperature (min 720°C). Make the height of molten aluminum away from the launder bottom at 3cm to observe the molten aluminum going into the box.
El operario deberá llevar ropa de protección para cerrar la tapa. La escoria de la superficie se puede retirar a través de la salida de desescoriado cuando el aluminio fundido fluye hacia la cubeta.
Inicie la producción cuando la temperatura alcance los 780 °C. Cierre la salida de desescoriado para mantener el calor.
Molten aluminum can be retained in the box with a setting temperature during the heat preservation phase but with no molten aluminum handling.
Introduce gases inertes en el rotor para evitar que el aluminio fundido obstruya la salida de aire.
Switch on the heater as soon as molten aluminum flows into the box and set heat preservation parameters.
Starting the heating system, controlling the temperature of the molten aluminum, and monitoring the gas flow rate, the speed of the rotor is changed from the heat preservation stage to the processing stage. At the same time, the inert gas flow into the rotor increases, and the gas flow rate is changed from the preservation stage to the processing stage.
El operario ajusta la temperatura de calentamiento del aluminio fundido y mantiene unas condiciones de trabajo estables para la desgasificación.

Vida útil de la unidad de desgasificación en línea:

Lining≥2years;
La unidad completa, excepto las piezas de desgaste: ≥5 años.

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