![\"Erimi\u015f](\"http:\/\/www.adtechamm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Refining-of-Molten-Aluminium.jpg\")
<\/p>\nErimi\u015f Al\u00fcminyumun Ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n
Al\u00fcminyum oksit tabakas\u0131, hidrojen atomlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr; bu da eriyik ile atmosferik nem aras\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fimin reaksiyonunu yava\u015flat\u0131r.
\n1-10 mikron kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki bir tabakada, metal ile atmosfer aras\u0131ndaki gaz al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi pratikte durur.
\nAla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n bile\u015fimi, filmin bile\u015fiminden b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilenir.
\nAl\u00fcminyumun oksidasyonunu art\u0131ran t\u00fcm elementler (magnezyum, lityum, sodyum, stronsiyum, kalsiyum), oksit tabakas\u0131n\u0131n hidrojen ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131r.
\nAla\u015f\u0131m elementleri (bak\u0131r, \u00e7inko, silikon) gaz de\u011fi\u015fimi \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok az etkiye sahiptir.
\nBu maddeler oksit tabakas\u0131n\u0131 bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde gev\u015fetir ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n hidrojenle daha h\u0131zl\u0131 doygunlu\u011fa ula\u015fmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunur.<\/p>\n
Oksit tabakas\u0131n\u0131n hidrojen ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fi, eriyik \u00fczerindeki atmosferin bile\u015fiminden \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilenir.
\nGaz ortam\u0131nda Cl\u2082, C\u2082Cl\u2086, BF\u2084, SiF\u2084, freonlar ve di\u011fer halojenler bulunuyorsa, filmin ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artar. Al\u00fcminyuma kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcksek bir afiniteye sahip olan klor\u00fcrler adsorbe edilir, oksit filminin alt\u0131na n\u00fcfuz eder ve gaz halindeki al\u00fcminyum klor\u00fcr\u00fcn olu\u015fumu sonucunda filmi tahrip eder.
\nFlor\u00fcrler, al\u00fcminyumla daha az aktif bir \u015fekilde etkile\u015fime girer. Oksit tabakas\u0131yla etkile\u015fime girerek, y\u00fczeyinin susuzla\u015fmas\u0131na ve molek\u00fcllerin ile oksijen atomlar\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunurlar.
\nY\u00fcksek adsorpsiyon kapasitesine sahip olan flor\u00fcrler, film \u00fczerindeki serbest kalm\u0131\u015f aktif merkezleri i\u015fgal eder ve Al\u2082O\u2082F\u2082 tipi oksiflor\u00fcr kompleksleri olu\u015fturur; bu kompleksler, eriyik i\u00e7ine oksijen ve su buhar\u0131n\u0131n girmesini engeller, filmi ince hale getirir ve hidrojen ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fi sa\u011flar.
\nFlor\u00fcr i\u00e7eren s\u0131v\u0131 ak\u0131\u015fkanlar da oksit tabakas\u0131n\u0131 yok eder ve eriyiklerin gazdan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Adtech China, al\u00fcminyum tedarik etmektedir gaz giderme makinesi<\/a> ve rafinaj ak\u0131s\u0131<\/a> Erimi\u015f Al\u00fcminyumun Rafine Edilmesi \u0130\u00e7in. (sales@adtechamm.com)<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumun ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde, eriyiklerin kristalle\u015fmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda sal\u0131nan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f hidrojen, d\u00f6k\u00fcmlerde gaz ve gaz b\u00fcz\u00fclmesi kaynakl\u0131 g\u00f6zeneklerin olu\u015fmas\u0131na neden olur. Her ala\u015f\u0131m i\u00e7in, belirli so\u011fuma h\u0131zlar\u0131nda d\u00f6k\u00fcmlerde gaz g\u00f6zeneklerinin olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir hidrojen s\u0131n\u0131r konsantrasyonu vard\u0131r. Al\u00fcminyum eriyiklerinin oksidasyondan ve hidrojen emiliminden korunmas\u0131, hafif oksitleyici bir atmosferde ak\u0131 maddeleri alt\u0131nda eritme yoluyla sa\u011flan\u0131r. Al\u00fcminyum-magnezyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131nda, kaplama ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131 olarak karnalit (MgCl\u2082 * KCl) ve karnalitin -50% baryum klor\u00fcr veya -15% kalsiyum flor\u00fcr ile kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ask\u0131da bulunan metalik olmayan kal\u0131nt\u0131lardan ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f hidrojenden ar\u0131nd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6keltme, inert ve aktif gazlarla temizleme, klor\u00fcr tuzlar\u0131 ve ak\u0131\u015fkanlarla i\u015fleme, vakumlama, a\u011f ve gran\u00fcl filtrelerden s\u00fczme ve elektroak\u0131\u015fkan ar\u0131tma y\u00f6ntemleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Refining of Molten Aluminium The aluminum oxide film has low permeability to hydrogen atoms, it slows down the reaction of the interaction of the melt with atmospheric moisture. At a film thickness of 1-10 microns, gas exchange between the metal and the atmosphere practically ceases….<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5685,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[26523],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n
\nHidrojen konsantrasyonunun artmas\u0131yla birlikte, d\u00f6k\u00fcmlerin gaz g\u00f6zeneklili\u011fi artar.
\nAl\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n gaz g\u00f6zeneklili\u011fine yatk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin hidrojenle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 doygunluk derecesi taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir; bu, \u03b7 \u2013 (Cg \u2013 Stv) \/ Stv oran\u0131yla ifade edilir; burada Cg ve Stv, s\u0131v\u0131 ve kat\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131mdaki hidrojen konsantrasyonlar\u0131d\u0131r (cm\u00b3\/100 g). Cn = sr oldu\u011funda gaz g\u00f6zeneklili\u011fi olu\u015fmaz.
\nKat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 doygunluk derecesi, so\u011fuma h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131yla birlikte artar.<\/p>\n
\n\u00d6rne\u011fin, Al-7% Si ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen kal\u0131n cidarl\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcmlerin sertle\u015fmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda gaz g\u00f6zeneklerinin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, eriyikteki hidrojen i\u00e7eri\u011fi 100 g ba\u015f\u0131na 0,15 cm\u00b3\u2019\u00fc a\u015fmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Duraluminde maksimum hidrojen i\u00e7eri\u011fi, kristalle\u015fme s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki so\u011futma yo\u011funlu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak 100 g ba\u015f\u0131na 0,12\u20130,18 cm\u00b3't\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
\nMg i\u00e7eri\u011fi en fazla 2% olan \u00e7o\u011fu ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n eritilmesinde, y\u00fck k\u00fctlesinin 1-2%'si kadar bir miktarda sodyum ve potasyum klor\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 (45% NaCl ve 55% KCl) kaplama ak\u0131s\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\nAk\u0131\u015fkan\u0131n bile\u015fimi, minimum erime noktas\u0131 660 \u00b0C olan bir kat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zeltiye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir.
\nBu ama\u00e7la, daha karma\u015f\u0131k bir ak\u0131 da \u00f6nerilmektedir (Tablo 12).<\/p>\n
\nFlux kullan\u0131m\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse, oksidasyona kar\u015f\u0131 koruma, berilyum (0,03-0,05%) ilavesiyle sa\u011flan\u0131r.
\nKoruyucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlar, yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 f\u0131r\u0131nlarda ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n eritilmesinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.
\nNemle etkile\u015fimi \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla, eritme f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n astar\u0131ndan nemin giderilmesi, eriticilerin ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ve modifiye edilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nlemler al\u0131n\u0131r; eritme ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm ekipman\u0131 kalsinasyona ve boyamaya tabi tutulur; ayr\u0131ca hammaddelerin \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131, temizlenmesi ve kurutulmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r.
\nAncak, eriyik ne kadar \u00f6zenle korunursa korunsun, havada eritildi\u011finde her zaman oksitler, nitr\u00fcrler, karb\u00fcrler, c\u00fcruf ve ak\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ile hidrojenle kirlenir; bu nedenle kal\u0131plara d\u00f6k\u00fclmeden \u00f6nce temizlenmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
\nBa\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir i\u015flem olarak \u00e7\u00f6keltme, yo\u011funluk fark\u0131n\u0131n yeterince b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011fu ve par\u00e7ac\u0131k boyutunun \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda uygulanabilir. Ancak bu durumlarda i\u015flem yava\u015ft\u0131r, daha fazla yak\u0131t t\u00fcketimi gerektirir ve verimsizdir.
\nErimi\u015f malzemenin inert veya aktif gazlarla \u00fcfleme yoluyla ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f gaz\u0131n kabarc\u0131klar i\u00e7ine dif\u00fczyonu ile kabarc\u0131klar\u0131n, kal\u0131nt\u0131lar ve minik gaz kabarc\u0131klar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda sergiledi\u011fi \u00fcfleme ve y\u00fczd\u00fcrme etkisine dayan\u0131r. Ar\u0131nd\u0131rma i\u015flemi, ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan gaz\u0131n kabarc\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n boyutu ne kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse ve eriyik hacmi \u00fczerinde da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ne kadar homojen olursa o kadar ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Bu bak\u0131mdan, i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemi \u00f6zel bir dikkat gerektirir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"